CAS Number & Molecular Formula
• CAS No.：9004-32-4
• Molecular Formula：Common general formula：[C₆H₇O₂(OH)₃₋ₙ(OCH₂COONa)ₙ]ₓ
Note: n represents the degree of substitution (DS), usually ranging from 0.5 to 1.5, and the degree of polymerization x determines the molecular weight.

HV and LV PAC with excellent filtration reduction are indispensable products of slurry combination. High PAC is white flowing powder and its water solution is transparent viscous li.

As water soluble polymer, it has the following functions and properties:
1. Rapidly dissolved in cold water or hot water；
Able to be thickener, rheology control agent, adhesive, stabilizer, protective glue, suspending agent and water retaining agent.

In oil drilling industry, PAC is a kind of good drill slurry treating agent and fluid dosing material, featuring high mud yield and excellent salt resistance. To fresh-water mud, seawater mud and saturated brine mud, PAC is an excellent filtration reducer and has superior viscosity increasing ability and high temperature resistance (150℃), applicable for formulating fresh water, seawater and saturated brine completion fluid. Besides, it can formulate completion fluids with various densities when weighing calcium chloride and can make the completion fluid have certain viscosity and lower filtration loss. The HV and LV PAC products meet the standards of GB/T 5005, OCMA and API 13A.

In workover fluids, PAC-based fluids are low-solid and do not block formation permeability or damage producing zones. With low fluid loss, they reduce water invasion into formations and avoid water blocking caused by emulsion plugging.

PAC workover fluids offer unique advantages:
· Protect producing zones from permanent damage.
· Provide good hole cleaning and cuttings carrying capacity, reducing wellbore maintenance workload.
· Resist water and sand intrusion with minimal foaming.
· Storable and transferable between wells, with lower cost than conventional mud-based workover fluids.

In fracturing fluids, PAC-based fluids are resistant to 2% KCl solution (required in fracturing fluid formulation), have good solubility and are easy to use for on-site mixing. They gel rapidly and provide strong proppant carrying capacity, delivering exceptional fracturing performance in low-permeability formations.

Product Characteristics of Paper Making Grade PAC
As a high-efficiency papermaking additive, PAC is used in pigment coating, internal addition, surface sizing and other processes. It is well recognized in the paper industry for its excellent dispersion, thixotropy and water retention. Serving as a surface smoothing agent, coating agent and sizing agent, it is a premium additive in papermaking. It forms films, improves paper strength and surface tension, ensures uniform paper texture, promotes ink penetration during printing, and produces sharp printed edges.

1. Pigment Coating
Controls and adjusts coating rheology and pigment dispersion, increasing coating solid content.
Imparts pseudoplasticity to coatings, improving coating speed.
Enhances coating water retention and prevents migration of water-soluble adhesives.
Provides good film-forming properties, improving coating gloss.
Increases retention of optical brighteners in coatings and boosts paper whiteness.
Improves coating lubricity, enhances coating quality and extends doctor blade service life.
2. Internal Addition
Improves refining efficiency, promotes fiber fibrillation and shortens beating time.
Regulates pulp potential, uniformly disperses fibers, enhances machine runnability and improves sheet formation.
Increases retention of additives, fillers and fine fibers.
Strengthens inter-fiber bonding and improves physical properties of finished paper.
Works with dry and wet strength agents to enhance dry and wet tensile strength.
Protects internal sizing agents such as rosin and AKD, improving sizing efficiency.
3. Surface Sizing
Excellent rheology and film-forming properties.
Reduces surface pores and improves oil resistance of paper.
Increases paper brightness and gloss.
Enhances paper stiffness, smoothness and controls curling.
Improves surface strength and abrasion resistance, reduces linting and dusting, and upgrades printing quality.

Product Characteristics of PAC for Pellet Binder
· Eco-friendly: Main raw material is cotton; produces no harmful gases (e.g., sulfur) or impurities, does not affect product quality and is safe for humans and the environment.
· Low dosage: 0.3–0.5% for coal briquettes/mineral pellets; 0.5–0.8% for charcoal powder/rods.
· Easy to use: Can be premixed with other powders before adding water, or dissolved in water first then mixed with powders.
· Adds no ash, does not reduce grade or calorific value, and is non-flammability-retarding (supports combustion).
· Strong adhesion, good formability, high strength, uniform and attractive appearance after molding, low breakage rate during storage and transportation.

Other Applications
Other uses include industrial binders, adhesive for reconstituted tobacco sheets. In mineral flotation, it is widely used as a highly efficient inhibitor and adsorbent. In bentonite systems, it increases viscosity and reduces fluid loss.